• N methyl d aspartate NMDA receptor antagonists such as MK

  2020-01-11

  

  N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, such as MK-801 and phencyclidine, induce cognitive dysfunction in both mice and humans [18]. In addition, antipsychotic drugs ameliorate MK-801-induced cognitive dysfunction; therefore, the acute application of MK-801 can be used as an animal model o

• The identification of CRF receptor subtypes has

  2020-01-11

  

  The identification of CRF 486 2 synthesis subtypes has led to a number of studies addressing its functional properties. This paper examines the evidence for CRF1 and CRF2 mediation of fear and anxiety. Recent reviews discussing specific CRF receptor functions associated with other conditions includi

• Allele specific methylation has been observed in CpG islands

  2020-01-11

  

  Allele-specific methylation has been observed in CpG islands of imprinted genes.27, 32 In the present study, however, methylation of CpG1 was specific to ALL hedgehog pathway and occurred in the leukemia cells of 28% of children with ALL, but it was not found in normal leukocytes from the same pati

• It is common for plants that

  2020-01-11

  

  It is common for plants that are deficient in P to invest in their roots in order to maximise P uptake from the soil. Here, plants grown in soil amended with OA had a higher root biomass:shoot muscle metabolism ratio compared with plants in the INORG-P treatment. Additionally, greater allocation of

• br Effects of estrogen on vascular

  2020-01-11

  

  Effects of estrogen on vascular function Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the vascular wall (Figure 1) that can be converted to an acute clinical event by the induction of plaque rupture or erosion, leading to thrombosis [58]. This perpetuating process is characterized by ph

• The mechanism by which OC use leads to impaired glucose

  2020-01-11

  

  The mechanism by which OC use leads to impaired glucose tolerance is yet to be fully clarified. Decreased insulin sensitivity appears to be mainly accounted for by estrogenic component and this effect may be modified by progestogenic component [14], [15]. Estrogenic effect on glucose tolerance has b

• br Transparency document br Introduction The cyclic nucleoti

  2020-01-11

  

  Transparency document Introduction The cyclic nucleotide adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) exerts both an endothelium-dependent and an endothelium independent vasorelaxant action in rat actin inhibitor [1]. cAMP direct, endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects have been attribute

• br Conflict of interest br

  2020-01-11

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (2013R1A1A1076117) and also by the Priority Research Centers Program through the NRF funde

• RGFP966 br Acknowledgments br Multicellular organisms respon

  2020-01-11

  

  Acknowledgments Multicellular organisms respond rapidly, and adapt to cellular stress to maximize cell survival. The cellular stress response, also called (ISR), is universally conserved and independent of the stressor. ISR induces rapid, transient reprogramming of cellular protein translation

• To identify and characterize new possible molecular targets

  2020-01-10

  

  To identify and characterize new possible molecular targets, the mechanisms of various kinds of TCDD toxicities that occur by abnormal regulation in the downstream of AhR signals have been studied (Yoshioka et al., 2011). Experimental evidence has revealed that prostanoids (i.e., prostaglandins and

• Although it is believed that CYP induction is regulated

  2020-01-10

  

  Although it is believed that CYP induction is regulated in humans in principle in the same fashion as in animals, some species differences in CYP3A enzymes induction were observed. Rifampicin is known to be a potent inducer of CYP3A4 in human hepatocytes, whereas pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN)

• The Czech Republic is a

  2020-01-10

  

  The Czech Republic is a country with increasing CDI incidence (1.1 cases per 10,000 patient bed-days in 2008–4.4 cases in 2011–2012 and 6.2 cases per 10,000 patient bed-days in 2012–2013) (Bauer et al., 2011, Davies et al., 2014) and relatively high rates of antibiotic resistant C. difficile strains

• It is now well accepted that increased

  2020-01-10

  

  It is now well accepted that increased local estrogen levels are associated with both the onset and growth of breast cancer. Tissue concentrations of estradiol (E2) in breast cancer are 10 times higher than that found in plasma [12]. Breast cancer tissues also contain increased activity and expressi

• It has previously been shown that human melanocytes

  2020-01-10

  

  It has previously been shown that human melanocytes are responsive to a multiplicity of hormonal triggers [10], particularly to pituitary or ovarian hormones [11]. Studies concerning the effects of LY-411575 on human melanocytes led to inconsistent data [12], [13]. Im et al. [14] reported that the

• br Conflicts of interest br

  2020-01-10

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported, in part or in whole, by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11802056, 11772088), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M640904), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitie

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